PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PROFESSIONAL MOTIVATION OF SOLDIERS DURING WAR

Abstract

As a result of the theoretical study, the state of research on professional motivation was determined and various theories were arranged in the form of a classification according to study approaches. The main concepts and approaches, their compatibility with each other, features and differences were found out, and how motivation models and subsequent systems of motivation tools are created on their basis. Taking into account the features of the motivational sphere, it should be noted that with a certain constancy, most authors point to its high dynamism and dependence on many factors, multilevelness, broad determinism and multivectority. Variability is noted in the hierarchy of both structural elements and factors. Structurality and elements of motivation have the characteristic of some abstractness and can be perceived both as an element of motivation and as its factor, depending on the theory under consideration or the situation in which the phenomenon manifests itself, therefore most authors advise considering theories not as a constant axiom, but as a hypothesis.

An empirical study of the motivational sphere of military personnel and such supposedly important factors as burnout and creativity was conducted. 60 military personnel participated in the study, a set of psychodiagnostic methods was used: the author's questionnaire, the methodology “Diagnostics of motivation for success” (T. Elers), the methodology “Motivation of professional activity” (methodology K. Zamfir in modification A. Rean), the projective additive methodology of MMI J. Newton, the methodology “Determination of mental burnout according to O. Rukavishnikova” and the methodology “Determination of the level of creativity according to N. Vishnyakova”

Statistical and mathematical methods were used: graphical presentation of data, grouping, calculation of the arithmetic mean, determination of the statistical mode, determination of the normal distribution, calculations of the total value, calculation of the Pearson coefficient and correlation analysis. In the sample, the predominant type of intrinsic motivation is internal motivation (55%), external positive motivation is 20%, and external negative motivation is 11.7%. In addition to assessing the motivational complex, it is necessary to consider the value of intrinsic motivation, in the majority of 68.3% it is high, and in 20% it is average, which indicates high intrinsic motivation. The majority of the subjects have a high level of intrinsic motivation. Research using the method according to J. Newton speaks of deep transcendental motives, not related to religiosity, but to the meaning of life and lack of family communication. According to the method of O. Rukavishnikova determined that military personnel have extremely high altruistic professional motivation, which correlates with motivation for success, and there is a tendency for an inversely proportional relationship between psycho-emotional exhaustion and motivation for success. In general, the mental burnout of the studied military personnel has average and high indicators, and in 6.7% extremely high indicators, which indicates the need to provide military personnel with psychological support and work with the team. And also linear relationships between motivation for success and burnout and creativity were determined