TRANSFORMATION OF CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS FOR OPERATIONAL RISK IN BANKS

Abstract

Globalization processes in the economic sphere are driving the growing need to update Ukraine’s legislative and regulatory framework for banking supervision in accordance with international standards. This is particularly important in the context of integrating Ukraine’s financial system into the global economic space, where the stability and transparency of banking operations are key factors in building trust among investors and partners. The article explores the evolution of capital requirements for operational risk in banks, particularly in the context of Basel Committee standards and their implementation in Ukraine. It examines approaches to assessing operational risk and the practical aspects of implementing new regulations, including their incorporation into national legislation, taking into account their advantages, limitations, and practical applicability within the Ukrainian banking system. The article summarizes the challenges and prospects for developing an operational risk management system, especially those arising during the adaptation of international norms to the national context, such as issues of methodological consistency, access to quality data, and the technological readiness of banks. It also analyzes the practical aspects of implementing new standards, including changes in internal policies, risk management systems, and reporting procedures, which require a comprehensive approach and inter-institutional cooperation. The article proposes ways to improve Ukraine’s regulatory requirements regarding the assessment of bank capital adequacy in line with international standards based on a risk-oriented calculation methodology. In particular, it emphasizes the importance of adapting Ukrainian regulations to the requirements of Basel III, which provides for more flexible risk management, increased resilience of banks to crisis phenomena, and the assurance of long-term financial stability. The implementation of such changes requires not only technical modernization but also the development of a new risk management culture focused on proactive threat identification and strategic planning. This will enable more effective capital management, enhance the transparency of financial reporting, and strengthen trust in the banking system from both international partners and domestic stakeholders.