CONSTRUCTIVE PERSONAL BEHAVIOR STRATEGIES IN PSYCHOGENIC CRISIS SITUATIONS

Abstract

Psychogenic stressful situations, intensified by the war in Ukraine, negatively affect the psycho-emotional state of both society as a whole and individual citizen. Such crises lead to a decrease in human potential, personal and interpersonal conflicts, social and psychological maladjustment, and create the need for qualified psychological assistance. The purpose of the article is to analyze the problem of using constructive strategies of personal behavior in crises. A theoretical analysis and generalization of the concepts of "crisis" and "crisis situation" was carried out, as well as a systematization of the main strategies of individual behavior in crisis situations. Scientific and theoretical methods of psychological research are used: analysis, systematization, classification and generalization of scientific sources on the topic of research. The main theoretical approaches and concepts that consider crisis situations, their prerequisites, consequences, as well as methods of response and overcoming are analyzed. Two main directions are distinguished in this context: maladaptive (a crisis situation negatively affects a person, causing destructive emotional states, behavior patterns, disorganizes a person) and adaptive (a crisis situation mobilizes the person’s internal resources, provides an opportunity to gain new experience, promotes better adaptation to the surrounding conditions and circumstances). The obtained results made it possible to state that the crisis situation is a subjective concept, it is mediated by the individual and typological characteristics of the individual, which influence its course. Coping strategies that determine one or another style of response to a crisis situation occupy a prominent place among such characteristics. It has been proven that constructive coping strategies provide an adaptive way out of a crisis, the construction of new ways of behavior and emotional response, contribute to rethinking one's life position, and ensure the restoration of the body's balance. The substantiation of the main ways of mastering constructive strategies of behavior will contribute to the adaptive exit from the crisis, the assimilation of new skills for responding to stressful events, and the improvement of the individual's well-being.