KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT AS A TOOL FOR THE FORMALIZATION OF PROJECT PROCESSES UNDER UNCERTAINTY

Abstract

In the process of forming a market economy in Ukraine, market mechanisms and management methods in various fields of activity, which are based on modern methodologies, methods and tools of management, become especially important. One of the most effective approaches to the formation of Ukraine as a developed country with a market economy is the widespread use of project management (Project Management) in carrying out various activities. The idea of this article is to present the existing problem in project management related to the expansion of the project scope and the negative consequences it causes, the nature of its occurrence and possible ways of solving it. First of all, the article provided statistics in the form of a survey among practitioners, which demonstrates the share of projects that have been successfully completed that were found to have failed, and the characteristics of actual implementation within the given project resource framework. Based on this data, the allegations of the problem as such, as well as the negative consequences that it leads to, were based. Further, in order to find possible solutions to the problem, the concepts of product scope and project, their relationship, and the reasons that lead to their undesirable expansion were provided and identified, which, in turn, localized the main factor, namely, the uncertainty, the definition of which was presented in the continuation of the article. To identify the context within which uncertainty adversely affects the project workflows, an architectural model of a typical software development project to be used in the scientific work and beyond was presented, and a definition of the software development project itself. Analyzing the model, processes were identified that could be adversely affected by uncertainty, suggesting a knowledge management technique as a formalization tool that would prevent the business goals of the project from being met, even when expansion of the product scope has occurred.