KEY FACTORS FOR THE FORMATION OF NATIONAL INNOVATION SYSTEMS

Abstract

The authors in his the research attention is paid to the problems of formation of national innovation systems, which is caused by the modern tendencies of development of the world economy and use of the latest technologies, introduction of innovations. In the article are describes the innovation sphere and innovative development of the countries of the world. It is proved that innovations and introduction of new technologies contribute to the economic growth of states. National innovation systems are necessary for the effective functioning and economic development of states. Factors identified and disclosed which affect the functioning of national innovation systems. The article describes the innovation sphere and innovative development of the countries of the world. The authors considered the features of innovative development of advanced countries in the conditions of development of information economy. Topical issues of formation of national innovation systems of EU countries, USA of Japan and China. In this study the authors analyzed weaknesses and strengths of the national innovation systems of the leading countries and China, and opportunities for their further development and possible threats. The authors shown are the advantages of functioning of the American innovation system over the European, and revealed the peculiarities of functioning of the national investment systems of the countries of the European Union and the USA. In the article are revealed factors for sustainable innovation development of the EU. The authors emphasis is placed on the problems of ensuring the sustainable innovation development of the European Union countries and ways of ensuring the success of European business in the future, and improving its competitiveness in comparison with American companies. The article shows the peculiarities are revealed and the necessity of attraction of «cloud technologies», online technologies, which is relevant for the economic development of the advanced countries of the world, is proved. The article describes of problems in the innovation environment have been identified and analyzed due to the effects of the global financial and economic crisis. It is proved that in the face of the challenges of today, it is innovations that contributes to the sustainable growth of national economies and increase their competitiveness.