DEVELOPMENT OF ROBOTICS IN UKRAINE: ECONOMIC CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS

Abstract

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the development of robotics in Ukraine in the context of global technological trends and their impact on economic development. It is shown that for Ukraine the development of robotics is of particular importance in three interrelated areas: defense, economic and educational. It is established that the war has become a factor in the accelerated development of military robotic systems and unmanned technologies, while industry and logistics need automation as a tool for increasing productivity, reducing costs and restoring destroyed infrastructure. In the field of education, the task of creating robotic laboratories and training programs for a new generation is becoming more urgent, which is considered a key element in the formation of human capital. The purpose of the article is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the current state and development prospects of robotics in Ukraine, taking into account its impact on economic growth, competitiveness enhancement, and the modernization of the national economy under conditions of global technological transformation. The study employs the following research methods: analysis and synthesis; comparative analysis; a systems approach; generalization and forecasting. The research findings identify the main factors constraining the development of the sector, including a low level of investment in research and development, a shortage of qualified personnel, the absence of a unified state strategy, and insufficient integration of digital technologies into production processes. Particular attention is paid to the international context: Ukraine’s participation in grant programs such as Horizon Europe, Eurostars, and EUREKA is considered an economic opportunity for attracting funding, developing partnerships, and facilitating technology transfer. Prospects for further research are associated with defining directions for the sector’s future development, under which progress may be limited to the military segment, as well as with the potential for increased investment, the implementation of educational reforms, and the adoption of strategic decisions, as a result of which Ukraine may emerge as a regional leader in the field of robotics. Recommendations for public policy and business have been formulated, aimed at stimulating innovation, developing human capital, and integrating Ukraine into the global innovation ecosystem.