DIRECTIONS FOR FORMING NEW APPROACHES TO THE METHODS OF TRADITIONAL DIPLOMACY

Abstract

The article examines current trends and prospects for regulating diplomatic protocol and etiquette, analyzes the definition of its concept. It is noted that most definitions boil down to the fact that diplomatic protocol is characterized as a community of certain traditions, conventions and rules, which are adhered to by the diplomatic service of each state when implementing various foreign policy measures. A qualitatively different definition is given in Western sources: the rules of protocol should be obeyed, and their deliberate violation can be regarded as a demonstration of distrust of the diplomat. It has been established that the basic principles of diplomatic protocol are the principle of international courtesy and reciprocity, and its legal foundation is the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations of 1961, as the main source of diplomatic law. It was concluded that comprehensive generally accepted norms of diplomatic protocol and etiquette have not been adopted at the international level. As a result, the consequences of individual violations of the rules of diplomatic protocol are defined as conditional. It has been established that diplomatic protocol is an integral part of diplomacy, its political instrument, a form that accompanies any foreign policy action (act, event) of a state and is followed by its missions or representatives. It is emphasized that changes in protocol norms in today's conditions are a kind of military dress code for Ukrainian politicians: it is used to express their position during international negotiations. An analysis of the regulatory and legal support for the functioning of foreign diplomatic institutions of Ukraine and a brief overview of their staffing were carried out. In view of the above, the author concludes that it is necessary to make changes and strengthen the requirements for regulatory and legal documents on diplomatic protocol and diplomatic ethics, taking into account technological progress and globalization processes. The functions of diplomatic protocol and diplomatic etiquette are distinguished: the former can be characterized as the expression of good manners in relations between states, and the latter refers to the manifestation of good manners in relations between officials representing their state in another country. The importance of using professional translators in diplomatic practice is emphasized, which will help eliminate certain misunderstandings in international relations. Attention is drawn to US President D. Trump's deviation from generally accepted rules of diplomatic protocol, but representatives of the US State Department consider this to be his peculiarity, and not a violation of protocol. Attention is focused on the introduction of a new form of visits in protocol diplomatic practice: communication between leaders of states as a meeting "without ties", the practice of holding negotiations on individual issues with the participation of informal delegations, representatives of countries who do not hold official positions in government structures. In view of the above, the author concludes that it is necessary to make changes and strengthen the requirements for regulatory documents on diplomatic protocol and diplomatic ethics. The impact of globalization processes and the implemented experience of Ukraine on changes in traditional diplomacy require further exploration and scientific research on the presented problem.