THE WORLD ELECTRONIC TRADE: ANALYSIS OF DYNAMICS AND TRANSFORMATIONS

Abstract

International e-commerce is one of the most dynamic and, at the same time, least predictable sectors of the world economy. Empirical studies of the phenomena occurring in this field make it possible to characterize and partly predict the development of such trade in the conditions of global informatization of the world economy. The article provides an empirical analysis of the dynamics of development of different groups of commodity structure of e-commerce (B2B) in the countries of the world, as well as in Ukraine. Based on the analysis of a wide range of scientific theoretical and statistical-applied data from foreign and domestic sources, the experience of leading countries (USA, Japan, members of the European Union, etc.) has been generalized in overcoming the information and digital inequities in the structure of e-commerce. The features of such trade are distinguished depending on the economic and social development of the countries and the possibility of using this experience in developing countries is substantiated. The heterogeneity of the influence of international e-trade on the economic growth of different regions and individual countries was revealed and characterized, which made it possible to evaluate its influence on world electronic trade and economic activity in general. The methodical tool for evaluating the dynamics of development (in space and time) and structural transformations of e-trade in some countries, regions of the world and Ukraine has been developed. Several approaches have been applied to the classification of international e-commerce: by geographical region and by country group. Forecast models of the development of the world market of e-trade and commerce are developed, on the basis of which a comparative analysis of the growth rates of world commodity circulation, as well as its structural analysis in separate regions of the world, reflecting the dynamics of changes in the basic indicators of the functioning of this global sphere of electronic economic activity, was carried out. As a result, trends in the development of world retail e-trade across regions and countries across different groups of goods by 2020 are projected. The suggested approach provides a comprehensive and systematic way to deal with the problem of regional e-commerce development in the future and to more clearly define its mechanisms.