FEATURES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF MODERN OTTOMAN-TURKISH STATE IDEOLOGY: FROM OTTOMANISM TO POST-OTTOMANISM

Abstract

The article analyzes the peculiarities of the formation and development of the modern state ideology of the Republic of Turkey, which has a significant impact on the formation of the foreign policy course of the official Ankara. In particular, the specifics and political-ideological foundations of the formation of Turkey's dual policy in relations with Ukraine and the Russian Federation are revealed. The evolution of the formation of the ideological basis of the state policy of the Ottoman Empire in the last half of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries, as well as the Republic of Turkey from 1923 to the present, is traced. Thanks to the use of comparative and structural-functional analysis, the relevance of the research is substantiated, the features of the genesis of the modern state ideology the Republic of Turkey in the format: "Ottomanism→Kemalism→Neo-Ottomanism→Post-neo-Ottomanism" are highlighted. The essential features of the mentioned ideological concepts and their correlation with the measures of higher state bodies of the imperial and republican periods, aimed at strengthening ethno-political unity, are revealed. In particular, it is shown that the transhistorical component of Ottomanism, neo-Ottomanism and post-neo-Ottomanism is their focus on preserving territorial integrity from the beginning of the imperial Ottoman, then the national Turkish state. Ottomanism, Neo-Ottomanism and post-neo-Ottomanism, in contrast to Kemalism, are geopolitically oriented towards creating conditions for controlling important political and economic processes within the territory of the former Ottoman Empire. Therefore, the ideas of pan-Islamism and pan-Turkism are close to them. At the same time, Neo-Ottomanism does not reject Turkic nationalism, on which the ideology of Kemalism is based. It is proposed to use the term "Post-neo-Ottomanism" in order to adequately describe the specifics of the state policy of the Republic of Turkey, starting from 2016. The possible consequences of replacing the approaches built in accordance with the concept of Neo-Ottomanism with its modification in the form of Post-neo-Ottomanism in the state policy of Turkey are analyzed. The perspective of further research is the influence of the principles of Post-neo-Ottomanism on the further development of Ukrainian-Turkish interstate relations.